The Law Enforcement Of A Police Officer - 2086 Words

The purpose of law enforcement is to protect the lives and property of both the community’s citizens and people who visit and work in the community. There are many different levels of law enforcement careers such as local, state and federal agencies. There are also many different occupations within the law enforcement field. One of those occupations is a police officer. (10 Things You Need to Consider Before Becoming a Police Officer, Criminology Careers.com, August 2012, Timothy Roufa, Criminology Careers Expert). To become a police officer it takes more than just wanting to carry a gun and â€Å"catch the bad guys†. The hiring process will be long. After submitting an application, each candidate must go through a written test, a physical agility test, an oral interview or two, a â€Å"background† check of nearly every aspect of his life, including driving records, drug or alcohol usage, a thorough medical and psychological exam, and a polygraph test. The n after that, each candidate must go through an exhausting physical and mental challenge known as the Police Academy. If the candidates make it through the Police Academy then they advance to on-the-job training known as Field Training, which is even more difficult than the Police Academy. After all of this training and becoming a police officer, one would have to ask themselves if the job is worth it. Police officers are put into dangerous situations daily. After all they have to deal with drunks, the mentally disabledShow MoreRelatedLaw Enforcement : A Police Officer1596 Words   |  7 PagesLaw Enforcement Ask anyone who is interested in a career in law enforcement why they choose that career, and they will say it is to help their community and make a difference in the world. In an average day an officer patrols his given area to keep the safety of the people. For instance the the presence of a police officer in the neighborhood keeps away the criminals who break into homes while people are at work or asleep. It is hard for people to imagine what a world without law enforcementRead MorePolice Officers And Law Enforcement1082 Words   |  5 PagesLaw enforcement officers equipped with body-worn cameras lower external use of force complaints and better compliance during police and citizens encounters creates a more positive experience for police and law-abiding citizens. In recent years, law enforcement officers have come under tremendous scrutiny by the public due to police officers’ use of excessive force. Several deadly force incidents captured on video and not captured caused the arrest or dismissal of police officers. Video footageRead MoreLaw Enforcement Police Enforcement Officers2330 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Law enforcement officers are faced with the challenges of using the appropriate amount of force during arrests or apprehensions and are criticized by the public on a daily basis. Not all excessive force is restricted to physical violence; this is where brutality fits in. The reasons for these actions might be explainable, or unacceptable. It may appear that the law enforcement officer is taking advantage of the situation, when in fact they may be following procedure, and in turn can articulateRead MorePolice Officers And The Law Enforcement970 Words   |  4 PagesIn this society we live in, we rely on our local law enforcement to help enforce laws that supposed to protect us from harm, and investigate crimes when an individual violates a particular law that need to be brought to justice. All police officers are trained to know all the rules and regulation in the handbook of the court of law. One the contraire, there are still some individuals police officers in this nation who abus e their authority of having those rights to serve and protect us from dangerRead MoreLaw Enforcement Of The Police Officer1520 Words   |  7 Pagesrequired by law enforcement to persuade compliance by an unwilling subject is a description of use of force. There is not just one definition for use of force. A majority of the law enforcement agencies carry policies that define their use of force. Included in these policies is the actions that an officer can have to undertake in a situation. Whenever an officer has to use force, they need to understand and know what the appropriate force needed at the time. 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Ethical behavior helps instill public trust in the systems and policies

Wilkinson Hardware Stores Ltd - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3392 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/09/11 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Company History Wilkinson Hardware Stores Ltd. is a family-owned general merchandiser in the UK founded by J. K. Wilkinson in 1930. From its humble beginning as a small hardware shop in Leicester, the company has grown into one of the leading retailers in the UK with ? 2 billion turnover, 22,000-employees, and about 350 stores across England, Wales and Scotland. The company’s growth over the years has been driven by the simple philosophy of selling quality goods at discount prices, and putting customers at the heart of everything they do. To remain competitive, Wilkinson Hardware has been constantly developing strategies to respond to changing customers needs. The company has evolved from a small local hardware store to focus on DIY products, and then started selling groceries supermarket goods, followed by the launching the Wilko brand, and eventually expanded its product range beyond its traditional hardware and DIY market to over 25,000 items. Wilkinson now sells a wide range of DIY, garden, homewares, office, pet, health and beauty products both in store and through WilkinsonPlus. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Wilkinson Hardware Stores Ltd" essay for you Create order Current Strategies Wilkinson’s vision and strategies have been built on its core philosophy of giving people good quality goods for good price. To manage its competitive environment, the current strategy stems from its core ‘generic’ strategy of cost leadership (Porter), but with the combination of beyond-cost approaches. Alternatively, according to Bowman’s Strategy Clock, we can say that the company is deploying the hybrid strategy, which includes low cost base and reinvestment in low price and differentiation. The company positioned itself as a ‘high street’ value retailer which is committed to provide customers with quality products, value for money, and friendly service. The company’s rapid growth over the last 10 years proves that the company has succeeded in delivering low prices for customers whilst building differentiation on the basis of its broad product range and good customer service. Value As part of its continued efforts keep costs low and remain a price leader, Wilkinson invests in its people, logistics, and information technology to reduce costs and improve efficiency. It also develops its private label, ‘Wilko Everyday Value’ brand to create more value for its customers by providing quality products at everyday low prices. Wilkinson’s own branded goods are now an important source of revenue (? 640m) and account for as much as 35. 9% of its sales. Quality Wilkinson regularly reviews its quality management systems to ensure that customers are offered the best quality at the lowest price possible. This commitment to quality is also reflected in the Wilko Brand. Customers can be assured that they are buying high quality products at a value for money price with the Wilko Brand quality seal on their products. Customer-centric approach and good service Wilkinson’s philosophy has remained the same over the years and its success has been attributed to its commitment of providing customers with an ultimate shopping experience. Apart from being conveniently located at the center-of-town, the company invests in its people and train its people to serve customers quickly, accurately, and with a smile. Community To inspire loyalty and improve its image in the hearts of the community, the company stood firm to its five corporate values – Be passionate, Pull together, Build trust, Show we care, Shape the future. Apart from ‘putting customers at the heart of everything we do’, Wilkinson is also giving back to the communities via various programmes and local charitable causes. Strategies for 2010 and beyond In conjunction with Wilkinson’s 80th anniversary, the company rolled-out of a re-branding programme with new ‘Look and Feel’ in year 2010 to overhaul its identity. Under this initiative, Wilkinson revamped its logo and changed the store formats to create a cleaner and more appealing visual identity. The rebranding of Wilkinson stores with the new theme is expected to refresh and modernized its image in this competitive environment. These new modernized store formats together with the introduction of the strapline â€Å"The home of family value† aims to reemphasize its hybrid strategy and also differentiate itself from competitors like Asda and Morrisons that Wilkinson is not just a value retailer, it also strives to provide quality products with broad range and good service. Growth Diversification Despite the tough economic conditions and intense competition from other low-price retailers, Wilkinson is still growing rapidly through the diversification strategy (Ansoff growth matrix) by entering new markets and continuously expanding its product range based on customer needs. The company continues to increase its market share by opening an average of 20 new stores each year and expanded its business into the Scottish market. Wilkinson’s growth in 2010 is further enhanced by Woolworths’ demise. It is also improving its sourcing by reaching out to the Far East through Wilkinson Asia in Hong Kong. Wilkinson has also redesigned its website (wilkinsonplus. com) to enhance its user-friendliness and features more products to reach out to more online customers. WilkoPlus is growing rapidly and has over 15 million visits so far. ? Environmental Analysis and Impact on Wilkinson’s Strategy We will use the PESTEL framework to analyze how the macroeconomic, social, technological, and environmental factors that is affecting Wilkinson’s strategy. Porter’s Five Forces framework is used to identify industry-specific factors that have influenced its strategy. PESTEL Framework Economic In 2010, the UK retail industry continues to struggle from the impact of the recession due to negative factors like rising unemployment, falling disposable incomes, rise in VAT, increasing savings ratio, and depressed housing market. The housing market is the key driver for hardware, household, DIY and garden products. Demand for new houses has dropped following the tightening of mortgage approval and this has resulted in the shrinking of the homewares DIY industry. The tough economic conditions are also changing the way consumers spend. UK consumers are becoming much more cautious about their spending. Rather than spending money on non-essential items, household incomes are diverted to payback debts and increase savings. At difficult times like this, consumers would appreciate more great deals and good value for money. Therefore, companies that offer broad range of products and put heavy emphasis on low prices like Wilkinson, Asda, and Tesco were still able to deliver sales growth and continue to increase their market share despite the gloomy economy climate. Another key strategy that has helped Wilkinson go through the tough times was the investment in Wilkinson’s own branded goods, ‘Wilko’. Wilkinson worked hard to keep cost low and provide broader range of products at low prices to attract price sensitive customers. Apart from driving sales through various promotional activities to attract customers to choose Wilkinson, the company also introduced the strapline â€Å"The home of family value† that stresses its commitment to give customers value for money. Social The DIY sector has been declining for some time due to the change in consumer attitudes and spending priorities. Consumers’ interest in DIY has been waning and their willingness and ability to take on home improvement projects has diminished. Table 2) They would rather get someone in to undertake the work and therefore reducing the need for them to make DIY purchases. In response to this decline, Wilkinson is putting its priority on expanding its product range based on customers’ needs. For example, the company re-launched two key departments in 2009, Home and Health Beauty. Nowadays, comp any’s corporate social responsibilities policies are particularly important to community stakeholders such as local communities, consumers, and pressure groups. It is crucial for retailers to continuously improve its CSR performance and engage local community to improve its reputation. Wilkinson has done a lot in 2010 to improve its relationship with local communities who have helped the company to grow over the years. Several community schemes were introduced and the company will fundraise and support a major charity for a year annually. The company also taking many other initiatives to improve its CSR, such as invest in its team members; improve environmental performance and sustainability, and establishing unique relationship and being fair with suppliers and sourcing. Technological Over the last decade, online retailing has been driven by the growth in internet penetration and website interactivity features. On top of that, new devices with online access such as Smartphones and the iPad is expected to boost online sales as they provide new and convenient avenues for online shopping. Therefore, online retailing growth rates are expected to continue to be higher than in-store rates. (Table 1) Wilkinson has responded to these technological advancements by re-launching its website in 2010 and includes more features to leverage multichannel capabilities and enhance online shopping experience. The new website focuses on four areas – range, price, convenience, service. WilkinsonPlus. com website offers 80,000 products including big ticket items that are not available in Wilkinson stores. Customers can also use the interactive online catalogue to find out latest deals and exclusive offers online. Besides, Wilkinson’s new home design website creates more interactive experience to engage customers. In terms of leveraging multichannel capabilities, customers can order through the website or phone and collect in-store for free. To keep up with the increased use of systems and technology along the supply chain, Wilkinson introduced a new replenishment system called Customer Pulled Replenishment (CPR) to improve product availability for customer, reduce stockholding and operating costs. Environmental As previously mentioned, environmental sustainability is one of the main aspects for company’s CSR. Consumers are increasingly aware about the impact of production activities on the environment and are now expecting companies to reduce their environmental footprint. Many companies are going ‘green’ to differentiate themselves from their competitors and build their reputation as a ‘green’ company. Wilkinson has also made several efforts to minimise the impact of their activities on the environment. The company is committed to reducing, reusing, and recycling waste across all aspects of the business from sourcing, transporting, to selling of its products. ? Porter’s Five Forces Bargaining Power of Buyers (Customers) Wilkinson’s target market is mainly individual customers. Due to the wide range of customers it caters to, the company face significant competition from many other retailers in the homewares, DIY and garden sector. As competition intensifies among retailers, customers have low switching costs and can switch easily between retailers. Online retailing is also increasing buyers’ power because price transparency on the internet enables consumers to compare prices between different retailers without even stepping into the stores. As mentioned earlier, consumers are more cautious with their spending due to the recession and would appreciate great deals with good value for money. Therefore, retailers have to work harder to optimise their performance. Wilkinson managed to capture customers’ loyalty by striving in two main success factors – broad range and competitive price. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Wilkinson relies on numerous suppliers to produce Wilko brand products. Over the past years, Wilkinson’s success and growth has been achieved through a unique relationship with its suppliers and sourcing agents. Like many other major retailers and supermarket chains in the UK, Wilkinson has the power to adopt a more aggressive approach to negotiate trading terms with its small suppliers. For example, some suppliers were asked for substantial cash contributions towards Wilkinson’s ambitious growth strategy. Globalisation has further reduced suppliers’ power because companies can source their products from new suppliers in other parts of the world, wherever is cheaper. Wilkinson set up Wilkinson Asia in Hong Kong to source for best value products from the Far East. Competitive Rivalry New Entrants Competition is intensifying in the homewares, DIY and garden products sector because increasing numbers of competitors are turning to Superstores format and sell broader range of goods. This has widened the scope and scale of the industry, resulting in overlapping of industries. Wilkinson diversified its product range beyond the hardware and DIY market. According to Verdict’s research, the company is categorized under two major sectors – Homewares, DIY Garden. Wilkinson is competing with the Big 4 DIY specialists (BQ, Focus, Homebase, Wickes), general merchandisers (Argos), grocers (Tesco, Asda), home furnishing retailers (IKEA), large homeware retailers (Dunelm Mill), and Poundland. Low entry barriers for new entrants such as TK Maxx and the arrival of Swedish based chain Clas Ohlson are also increasing competitive pressures. Moreover, the industry is overcrowded resulting in shake out of weaker competitors such as Woolworths. Wilkinson’s is fending off threats from rivalry and possible substitutes by implementing strategies to revamp the look of its stores to shift consumers’ perceptions of its brand and value away from down-market to mainstream. It is also improving sourcing practice to counter the economy downturn. ? Balanced Scorecard (Figure 3) Balanced scorecard is a multi-dimensional strategic management accounting system that translates an organization’s mission and strategy into a comprehensive set of performance measures that provides a framework for strategic measurement and management systems. (Kaplan Norton 1996) The balanced scorecard translates the Wilkinson’s vision and strategy into a coherent and linked set of understandable, measurable, and balanced targets. It views the company from four perspectives – financial, customer, internal processes, learning and growth. We will use the strategy map to show a step-by-step connection between trategic objectives in the form of a cause-and-effect chain (Kaplan Norton, 1996). Wilkinson’s vision is â€Å"to inspire loyalty beyond reason by confidently providing what people need, when they need it, through our people, delivering instinctive service and irresistible value, in the heart of the community†. We can translate the company†™s objectives into four perspectives: †¢Financial: Maximise shareholders’ wealth †¢Customer: Inspire loyalty; providing what people need †¢Internal process: Deliver instinctive service irresistible value in the heart of the community †¢Learning growth: Through our people By improving performance in the learning and growth perspective, Wilkinson will be able to improve its objectives in the internal process perspective. This will then enable the company to create desirable results in the customer and financial perspectives. Financial Perspective (How should we appear to our shareholders? ) The main objective of every business is to maximise shareholders’ wealth and increase profits. Shareholders are concerned with many aspects of the financial performance and Wilkinson should implement strategies that are in line with this goal. Financial performance can be measured by using ROCE, economic value added, growth, etc. For instance, the increase of operating profit by 99% in 2010 reflects the success of Wilkinson’s cost reducing strategies undertaken last year. Wilkinson’s growth strategy can be measured by the number of new stores opening and increase in market share. Customer Perspective (How do customers perceive the firm? ) This perspective analyses the degree of customer satisfaction and the processes used to deliver products and services to customers. Wilkinson’s vision is to inspire customer loyalty by providing what people need, when they need it. Customer loyalty in the homewares and DIY garden sector are driven by several key factors – quality, range, price, convenience, and service. Wilkinson will need to keep its customers satisfied to gain their loyalty. When customers are satisfied, they will keep coming back to shop. Therefore, Wilkinson can measure the success of the new ‘Look and Feel’ rebranding programme in attracting more customers by looking at the number of visitors to its stores, repeat purchases, UK Consumer Satisfaction Index, and customer loyalty index. Market share can also be used to measure the growth that Wilkinson has achieved from the continued increase in store numbers and how the company has benefited from the demise of Woolworths. As for online customers, customer loyalty will depend on the reliability, timely delivery, and convenience of using WilkinsonPlus. com. Wilkinson can measure these by looking at number of online visitors, number of goods return, and on time deliveries. Internal Business Process Perspective (What internal processes must we excel at? This perspective is concerned with assessing the quality of people and processes. Wilkinson’s vision is to deliver instinctive service irresistible value in the heart of the community. Wilkinson can measure whether it is delivering irresistible value for its customers by comparing the price of its products against other competitors. Wilkinson can measure how the new replenishment system (CPR) is creating value for its customers by measuring the cost savings that can be passed on to customers from reduced stockholding and operating costs. The company can also measure how the CPR system is helping Wilkinson to deliver instinctive service for its customers by looking at frequency of stock run outs at the shelves, system downtime at the EPOS, and shorter till lines. Wilkinson is focusing on improving its sourcing by setting up Wilkinson Asia in Hong Kong to source from the Far East. The company can measure how effective this strategy is helping the company to drive efficiency and cut costs by looking at the profit margins and unit costs. The company has also invested in its people and strive to make Wilkinson a great place to work. The ‘Be A Star Awards’ is a good measure to reward and encourage team members to provide good service to customers. Wilkinson needs to ensure that good corporate social responsibility (CSR) is performed across every aspects of the business. The company is currently measuring its environmental footprint through reduced packaging, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. Another measure that can be used is the use of plastic bags. The company can also measure its CSR performance in supporting local communities by looking at the amount of donation contributed and the number of charity causes that have benefited. Learning and growth (How will we sustain our ability in innovation, change and improvement) This perspective is concerned with how the company can constantly improve itself to create value in the future. The most important asset for the company is its people. Therefore the company has invested in its people to ensure that they grow and develop with the company. This can be measured by looking at the number of staff training provided and the number of employees that have been trained under the Emerging Leaders Programme. In terms of innovation and improving every aspects of the business, the company can also measure the impact of the ‘in the loop’ initiative by looking at the number of employees’ suggestions and feedback that have been received. ? Benchmarking We will now evaluate how benchmarking can be used together with the balanced scorecard to enhance the company’s competitiveness. Balanced scorecard identifies performance measures for each of the four perspectives, but by solely looking at those measures, Wilkinson cannot evaluate how well it is performing and how successful its strategy is. Therefore, benchmarking helps the company to evaluate its current position in relation to ‘best practice’ within the industry or even beyond the industry to learn from other companies and identify areas of performance improvement. Competitive benchmarking Wilkinson is trying to escape the downmarket image by introducing the new ‘Look and Feel’ format in its new stores. To achieve this, the company is focusing more on broadening its product range. Therefore, it can benchmark its in-store and online product offerings for the homeware sector against Dunelm Mill and Debenhams. To enhance price competitiveness for ‘Wilko’ brand, Wilkinson can benchmark its product prices against Asda and Tesco. The strategy of putting price comparison directly with other retailers on the price tags can attract customers. Wilkinson can also provide price comparison on WilkinsonPlus. com like what Asda is doing on its website through ‘Asda Price Guarantee’. Best-in-class benchmarking Wilkinson can benchmark the effectiveness of its online sales delivery against Amazon’s delivery time and strive to improve the features on WilkinsonPlus. om Wilkinson can improve staff retention and HR policies and by benchmarking itself against RPS Group Plc (Britain’s Top Employer for 2010). Limitations of balanced scorecard and benchmarking Even though balanced scorecard and benchmarking is said to be able to help company achieve its strategy and enhance competition, it can be time consuming and costly. Sensitive information especially those regarding o ther company’s internal operations and processes may be hard to obtain. Besides, innovation is often the key for extraordinary performance. By merely measuring what the company is already doing against best practice will result in constant catching-up and does not stimulate innovation. Conclusion We have used the PESTEL framework and Porter’s Five Forces to analyse Wilkinson’s external and assessed that the company’s hybrid strategy that focuses on offering broad range of products at low prices has helped the company to maintain profitability despite the challenging economic climate. Last but not least, we have evaluated how the balanced scorecard and benchmarking tools can help Wilkinson achieve its strategy and enhance its competitiveness.

Racism And Racism Essay - 1042 Words

Although these reasons have some legitimacy, other issues stated such as unfamiliarity with blacks, disdain for black culture, fear of black people, especially men, and the perception that most blacks do not take care of their properties, feed directly into racial stereotypes based upon negative media depictions, and long lasting narratives about the social conditions of blacks. Many examples are given from reports by The City of Detroit Commission on Community Relations which came out of the City of Detroit Mayor s Interracial Committee. The Interracial Committee was started by Mayor Edward Jeffries in 1943 as a result of the Detroit race riot of June, 1943. Documented in a report from the Commission on Community Relations were a few†¦show more content†¦Black Bottom, Paradise Valley and the Urban Removal Problem Black migration into the city of Detroit relegated them to an area east of Woodward Avenue, the main thoroughfare in the metropolis, south of Grand Boulevard, north of the Grand Trunk Railroad tracks near the Detroit River and west of Gratiot Avenue (Sugrue 47; Williams 6-7). The largest concentration of blacks lived in the area called Black Bottom, originally named because of the rich black soil of the grounds, and the original settlers after the French and British colonizers, were immigrants consisting of Germans, Irish, Romanian, Italia n, and Polish and Russian Jews (Williams 7-15). As more blacks moved into Detroit the immigrants stated to relocate in other parts of the city, and with the masses of people looking for jobs and improved opportunities and due to segregation overcrowding was inevitable (Sugrue 47; Winkel qtd. in Stone 94). Inadequate housing condition welcomed the newcomers as most of the homes were some of the oldest built in the city some dating back to the 1860’s and 1870’s which absent landlords converted many of them, row houses into apartments with no heat, plumbing, or kitchens (Sugrue 37). ConditionsShow MoreRelatedRacism And Racism Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagessubjected to acts of racism and other forms of discrimination. From foreigners in modern-day Germany becoming victims of human rights abuses such as beatings, verbal abuse, etc. by Neo-Nazis and teenage skinheads. To simply just observing another person wearing a t-shirt of a rival football could still instill negative attitudes towards that particular person, even if there was zero social interaction to provide a justifiable impression. This leads to the focus of this essay. The insidious, non-consciousRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesIs it racism or economics which hinders many African American communities from progressing economically in the 21st Century? This research proposal will address this question by examining the social and psychological impact caused by racism and the economic impact it’s had on the African American community. This proposal will further investigate whether the emotional scars of slavery continue to hamper African American progress or if racism is actually the cause. The economic cost of discriminationRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay718 Words   |  3 PagesThe death penalty discriminates and marginalizes minorities and the poor in our society. 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The first similarityRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesHow does stratification system take place in African American communities? Many minority Communities are subjected to racism and discrimination within/ outside their communities. The social prejudices on the black community gives an example of a caste system where you re born into unequal groups based on their parents (race), most likely born into poverty if a minority. â€Å"Minority racial groups are more likely to experience multidimensional property than their white counterparts†, due to historicalRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesWhite privilege and acts of racism are just as pervasive on a college campus as in any other environment. Students of color may be treated differently in a classroom setting from their white counterparts, not because of who they are or how they behave but simply because of the color of their skin. 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Another issue that is related to racism wouldRead More Prejudice and Racism - No Racism in Heart of Darkness Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesNo Racism in Heart of Darkness      Ã‚   Chinua Achebe challenges Joseph Conrads novella depicting the looting of Africa, Heart of Darkness (1902) in his essay An Image of Africa (1975). Achebes is an indignant yet solidly rooted argument that brings the perspective of a celebrated African writer who chips away at the almost universal acceptance of the work as classic, and proclaims that Conrad had written a bloody racist book (Achebe 319). In her introduction in the Signet 1997 edition

The Treatment Of Breast Cancer - 1309 Words

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease occurring in women in Saudi society. After study and research, it found that two-thirds of the injuries in the Saudi society are diagnosed in advanced stages. The reasons for that are the lack of education for necessary of Self-examination and clinical examination annual, leading to the spread of the disease further. In addition to genetic changes, environmental pollution, bad lifestyle , Obesity ,Lack of exercise are also factors that helped in the spread of the disease. The delayed age of marriage and lack of breastfeeding are the risk factors for breast cancer(1,10,14).Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer is important for successful treatment selection , and increase mortality rate of breast cancer. Currently mammography and ultrasound are basic imaging techniques for detection and localization of breast tumor. Breast Ultrasound is a typically painless medical test that uses reflected sound waves for further evaluation of a breast abnormality or a specific area seen on mammography. Ultrasound can locate and measure abnormalities or changes to determine if a breast lump is solid or filled with fluid. A mammogram is an x-ray of the breast which may find tumors that are too small to feel. Women aged 40 to 74 years should have annual screening mammograms to lower chance of dying from breast cancer(2,15).Mammograms are less likely to find breast tumors in women younger than 50 years. This mayShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer Treatment1620 Words   |  7 PagesBreast Cancer Treatment Breast cancer is turning to be one of the top killer women in the world. This kind of cancerous tumor is attacking breast tissue of woman. A disease in which abnormal cells in the breast divide and multiply in an uncontrolled fashion. 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There are many different types of cancers, in which are not less dangerous then the other, if not caught on time. Although it is the year 2015 and there has been an extraordinary amount of medical advances in cancer treatment, there is still no cure. This leads to mysterious thoughts of cancer returning, to people all over the world. Cancer in the bones can play an enormous part in other body parts if not caught on time. Cancers such as breast, lungRead MoreThe Treatment Of Breast Cancer1761 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Breast cancer is the third commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia and the most common in women. This report sets out to investiage the main pathologies of breast cancer including its aetiology, demographics in Australia and how it metastasies. It than explores the main 99mTc based radiopharmaceuticals used in bone imaging for the detection of these metastases and quantitively compares them, to determine the superiority of each. Finally the report compares the efficacy of bone scans comparedRead MoreThe Treatment Of Breast Cancer950 Words   |  4 Pageskeep your body functioning correctly. When a cancer or a disease attacks healthy cells, it overtakes the entire cell’s functions and rapidly multiplies into other corrupt cells. It is very important to the safety of a person’s life to be educated on the effects of cancer and how to detect them, because it is a wildfire like disease, once it has spread it is extremely hard to control. Breast cancer intrigues me because I have a high risk of getting this cancer due to my family history; from my great auntsRead MoreThe Treatment Of Breast Cancer Essay2235 Words   |  9 Pagesher sexual condition after treatment who said ‘your ovaries are expired like an old lady’. At this point of the interview Asma cried because she felt different and experienced symptoms not associated with her age group. †¢ Role Having breast cancer affected women in carrying out their roles as mother, wife, sister and employee. Azizah and Sahrah explained how their roles shifted from being caregiver for their family to care receiver. My sister had breast cancer, she was on the second cycleRead MoreEssay on Breast Cancer Treatment1316 Words   |  6 Pages Breast Cancer Treatment nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Only lung cancer kills more women each year in the United States than breast cancer does. The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates that over 184,000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in women in 1996 (ACS Breast). Although these statistics are alarming, there are a number of treatment options available for those that are diagnosed with breast cancer. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The best way to treat any disease is to prevent itRead MoreCauses And Treatments Of Breast Cancer1587 Words   |  7 PagesWHAT IS CANCER? Cancer can be said to be a generic term for a large collection of diseases that can have an effect on any part of the body, it can be sometimes called malignant tumors and neoplasms. In other words, cancer can be defined as the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their normal boundaries, which are capable of invading adjoining parts of the body and spread through to the organs. However, this process is referred to as metastasis, which is the major cause of death fromRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Breast Cancer Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesBreast cancers are classified by several classifications as: - Histopathology - Grades - Stages - Receptor status. Each of these influences the prognosis and can affect treatment response. Description of a breast cancer optimally includes all of these factors: †¢ Histopathology: Breast cancer is usually classified primarily by its histological appearance. Most breast cancers are derived from the epithelium lining the ducts or lobules, and these cancers are classified as ductal or lobular carcinoma

Lack of Self Esteem Free Essays

Self esteem is defined as regarding oneself as a worthwhile person or a positive evaluation of oneself. Let’s examine African adolescents self-esteem based on the following facts; parental marital status, income, family structure and functioning. Is it possible that the above mentioned facts could affect a confidence that is supposed to come from oneself? I believe these facts greatly affect the self-esteem in African boys and girls in different but very significant ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Lack of Self Esteem or any similar topic only for you Order Now I choose this topic because it interested me and I’ll be free to express my feelings, and I willl like to help those adolescents who are lacking self-esteem with these essay because I know how it feels. I must first start my essay with pointing out where the problem originates. Having grown up in a single parent, middle class income family and being the oldest of two children, I feel that I can now understand why I sometimes felt inadequate with myself. The unspoken pressure to make my mom proud and be a â€Å"good† big sister created this inadequacy. This study definitely helped me understand this pressure and proved that unlike my thought at the time, I was not the only teenager going through this enormous drop in self-esteem. I mentioned some major facts that surrounds lack of self-esteem, 1. the parental marital status,2. the income and 3. the family structure and 4. Family Functioning. these are the functioning perspectives. First, that the self-esteem of boys and girls (boys especially) would be highly affected by their parents’ marital status. Second, that both genders would have higher quality of family functioning than single parent households. The third prediction concluded that the effects of marital status on self-esteem would be less if family income was statistically matched with other families. The last hypothesis predicted that family functioning had a greater effect on self-esteem than family structure. The sample consisted of 200 fifteen year old African children from western part Nigeria with 74 being girls and the remainder boys. Parents were only included in study to provide income and marital status information. Half of the parents were married, 38% were divorced and 12% were single mothers (no single fathers were used). The average household income was #57,500, 20% of the sample had an income less than 20,000 and 35% made over 35,000 a year. The tests that were used to measure the self-esteem and the family functioning measurement of the students were the Multi-Dimensional Self Esteem Inventory (MDSEI) and the Family Environment Scale (FES). The MDSEI is a 200 question test used to assess the individual aspects of self-esteem in each child. These aspects are feelings of competence, personal power, lovability, likeability, self-control, moral self-approval, and body functioning. The FES consists of 90 true or false type questions to determine the environment within the family and it’s functioning. This test has proven accurate many times with African families even though the norms were determined from 285 predominately middle and upper class European American families. Each child was given $10 to partake in the tests and took them whenever was convenient. The results showed that boys with parents who are divorced are mainly at risk of developing a low self-esteem. It also showed that family functioning was directly related to self-esteem in both boys and girls. I believe that this experiment was set up and conducted very well. The experimenters used a sample that was proven to be representative of the population they sought to test, and used testing methods that were tried and true. Testing conditions were not kept controlled but this probably had a minimal effect on the children’s responses. There were no noticeable errors in the experimentation other than the small sample used and its limited application one locale. How to cite Lack of Self Esteem, Papers

Innovative Entrepreneurs free essay sample

This paper will compare Walt Disney, representing the traditional entrepreneur, with Bill Miller. The Disney brand is embedded in the minds of millions around the world. In fact, it would be very difficult to find anyone who hasn’t been or dreamt of going to any of the Disney amusement parks. Walt Disney, nee Walter Elias Disney, is an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, and philanthropist (Wikipedia, 2011). During his teenage years, he had begun entertaining many with his cartoons and Laugh-O-Grams. Disney, innovator and entrepreneur, eventually opened his own Hollywood studio with his brother Roy, which has grown into a multi-billion dollar empire. Disney, as a more traditional entrepreneur, knew very early in life that he wanted to pursue some form of artistic animation that audiences that could connect to on a deeper level. He wanted to impact the human element with the stories he told using the characters he designed. We will write a custom essay sample on Innovative Entrepreneurs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bill Miller too, has made a strong impact in the lives of many. Bill Miller’s video is quite moving. His story as an entrepreneur â€Å"who happens to be a quadriplegic† and his acceptance of his circumstance are compelling and inspirational. Miller has impacted the lives of many wheelchair-bound individuals and their respective families and friends, specifically with his innovative apparatus that provides those who are paralyzed the ability to go bowling. His aim, as stated on his website, was to enhance the quality of life of the disabled by affording them the same opportunities of fun entertainment that fully mobile individuals enjoy. Of course, he did not set out to be paralyzed from the neck down. In fact, I’m sure if he were asked if he could go back to August 23, 1997, he would probably be honest in saying he would have made some different life choices. Nonetheless, the key quality that was conveyed by Miller’s video was the absence of self-deprecation. In fact, his framing of problems as challenges that need to be conquered is a critical aspect of his entrepreneurial mindset that has helped him develop and promote his business ideas. Additionally, his attitude has been instrumental in overcoming the limitations of his condition. Disney and Miller share this entrepreneurial spirit. Though their circumstances and approaches are different, they share high levels of passion, optimism, ambition, adaptability, energy and persistence to follow through with innovative (and not –so innovative) ideas into fruition. Both entrepreneurs discussed herein have pursued ambitious creative works that are not easily achieved, and in Miller’s case, not easily conceivable. The notion that quadriplegics can bowl is astonishing, yet Miller has achieved this incredible feat and is developing other recreational projects to help others meet their everyday challenges. Miller and Disney have shown that an entrepreneur’s success is not dependent on the product manufactured but on the individual who spearheads the product or service to its various stages. For instance, in the 1960’s, it probably would have been difficult for Disney to find funds to build the Experimental Prototype City (or Community) of Tomorrow, known today as the EPCOT theme park in Orlando, Florida, where park visitors learn about cultures from all around the world and here diversity is embraced. Thankfully, he was an optimistic visionary who saw beyond the present and as a result, millions today share the vision and hope of a better tomorrow. Miller scores high in adaptability. Entrepreneurs have to continuously improve and customize their goods and services to meet consumer demands and needs. The best entrepreneurs are able to step ahead, modify or create a product to the consumer’s needs, sometimes before the consumer even realizes they have this need. Miller mentioned that there wasn’t even a market for the IKAN Bowler but one developed after he successfully operated it himself and with the help of his partners, he marketed it effectively. I strongly believe that quadriplegics (and paraplegics) never would have thought it possible for them to ever experience the thrill of accomplishing any recreational activity that adds back some normalcy to their lives; but Miller has clearly shown that he does not believe in the impossible.

Business Information System and Workplace Production and Distributio

Question: Describe about the Business Information System and Workplace for Production and Distribution. Answer: Introduction First cinematographic show was conducted in 1895 by Lumiere brothers, which showed a moving train to the amazed audience. After the incident there was no looking back. The cinema had been entertaining the general populace for 120 years. There had been major development in the technology which has made cinema a better experience and has reduced the production and distribution cost (Brown 2013). This trend has resulted in a boom in movie production. With the increased number of films released in a single day, the demand of theaters has increased which has created a need for effective management of the theater. This report is aimed to realize the three data that Theatre Chains could use for the creation of useful data. Further three-dimensional analysis to the business problems has been done in detail, with examples in each segment, for a better understanding. Three pieces of data those are capable of creating meaningful information Management of a theater chain is a complex process, as it needs an understanding of the market sentiments, the response of various age groups towards the genre of movies, the genre of movies, the location of theater, etc. (Bille Berle and Skot-Hansen 2015). Hence for generation of useful data, three segments, genre of movies, the location of theater and target audience has been discussed in the following section. Genre of movies A genre of the movie plays an important role in the creation of revenue. The film genres can be identified depending upon the following criteria, budget, setting, theme of the movie, format, mood, the target audience, etc. Setting of the movie depicts the environment of in which the film has been picturized (e.g. extraterrestrial, war, etc.). The theme refers to the concept of the movie (e.g. SciFi, Crime, etc.). The mood shows the emotional buildup of the movie (e.g. Romantic, comedy, etc.) and the format of the movie represents the way the film has been shot or the way of presentation. Additionally the movies are also made for targeted audiences like children, teen, adult, etc. (Barsam and Monahan 2015) It should be understood that the genre plays a major role in generation of revenue. Depending upon the revenue generation genres can be divided into three categories, namely, Type A major revenue generators, Type B medium business generators, Type C low budget low revenue generators. Blockbuster Type A movies are big budget commercial movies targeted to the general mass of people. These movies are also called blockbuster movies. The term blockbuster was initially used for describing bombs capable of creating massive destruction and was later used for the movies that generated large revenue. Subsequently term was used for large budget movies with massive marketing strategies (Kristensen and From 2015). B grade The type B movies are lower budget commercial movies with a narrower target audience. Since the budget involved is lower than the A grade movies the marketing and advertisement is lesser thus creating lesser revenue (Barsam and Monahan 2015). Low budget This category of movies as the name suggests are done with little or no funding and are mostly targeted for a small audience. These movies are mostly done by inexperienced or lesser known filmmakers. The marketing done regarding these movies is negligible. Hence these films are mostly shown in film festival for gaining a repute after which they are released in limited theatres. Location of theatre Theatres are the venue for showing the movies to its audience. A theatre is usually a building containing an auditorium with all the basic amenities for showing a movie like a movie projector, projection screen and speakers. The location of the business center has a huge impact on the business and is true for theaters too (Beresniewicz et al. 2015). The impact of the location upon the theatre business can be summed up in five different points. They are employees, customers, suppliers, finance and competitors (Hair 2015). Employees The connection between the employees and the location of theatre is very important. For attracting an efficient workforce the surrounding area is very important, even if the surrounding area is not very conducive, better connectivity has to be mandatory for attracting efficient employee (Blok et al. 2012). Apart from connectivity amenities too help in wooing employees. Customers Close customers are the best customers of the business. So it should be made sure that customer services are always given the foremost priority. A close relationship should be maintained in terms of location. Locations that are closer to market or a large community goes a long way in creating profitable business (Phillips 2013). Suppliers The supplier and business relationship is very crucial, as the services that are are being provided by the business depends upon the suppliers. Although with digitization of the movie industry physical proximity doesnt count but a better internet connectivity is a mandate for a better show. Hence access to high speed internet or dedicated communication service is important (Rubalcaba et al. 2013). Apart from the movie the other services that are offered at the theatre also help is gaining customers, so a physical proximity to supplier of goods will always be an added advantage. Finance There are various financing needs of a firm. These needs can be classified into funding, labor cost, rents, transport, etc. these rates vary depending upon the location of the business. A company situated closer to a community gets cheap labor along with business. The proximity also helps in gaining investor confidence. Lesser spending on the services allows cheaper services to the customers which again help in gaining consumer confidence which is very important for any business (Hair 2015). Competitors Physical proximity doesnt always affect the business model; rather a detailed analysis has to be done before deciding the effect of competitor on the business. This analysis helps in choosing the ideal location for business (Hair 2015). A cheaper service cost in a close proximity to the rivals can be extremely beneficial for the business; also sector conglomeration by building a local pool too helps in gaining business for all the setups. Target audience The target segment is the particular group of people for whom the services are meant. The target audience is the current and the potential customers who will come to view the movie in the theatre. Since the movies will be viewed by the target audience, hence identification of the target audience is a major criterion for generating desired revenue. The target audience can be analyzed based on the trailing criteria like demography, psychography, geography, behavior, occasions and culture (Morecroft 2015). Demography Demography is the study of a populace segmented based on the age, sex, religion, etc. Demographic segmentation helps to understand the demands of the populace depending upon the various ages, sex, religion etc. (Hair 2015). As instance romantic movies are liked mainly by women. So a movie that is released in matriarchal society will generate good revenue. Psychography Psychographics is the analysis of human personality which involves parameters like lifestyle, values, opinions and attitude. The parameters are also known as IAO variables. The psychographic analysis shows how a populace spends their leisure time and what the factors that decide such preference are. Psychographic analysis is an important part of segmentation as it helps to identify the leisure and personal activities of the targeted population (Cross Belich and Rudelius 2015). So placement of theatre around a populace which loves to spend time in outdoor activities are sure to perform well. Geography Geographic segmentation is segmenting the target audience based on their location. The geo-cluster could be nations, states, cities, etc. The geo-cluster approach combines all the data obtained from demographic segmentation and psychographic segmentation for creation of more specific profiles (Hair 2015). The movie release is done based on these data, e.g. Hollywood movies are released only in the countries which speak English. Behavior Behavioral segmentation divides the target segment depending upon the soft skills like knowledge, attitude and usage. This allows having a better understanding of the customer. Occasions Occasional segmentation analyzes incidents that are independent of the user of the services. The segmentation can be understood by the example of food for the occasion of being hungry without considering other factors like geography or behavior. This concept is used for releasing movies on a holiday, thus creating a consumer pool for the specific day. Culture Cultural segmentation is used to segment the market based on culture. This dimension is a strong one as it deals with the consumer temperament which is depends upon the culture of the place (Morecroft 2015). The analysis helps to craft predictive models for segmented communication models and product range depending upon the customer values for a wider reception. The three dimensions of business problems The three dimensions of the business problem are people, organization and technology. The problems with people could be because of poor recruitment, improper training, poor performance evaluation, etc. The issues with the organization could be the result of its business practices, unsupportive culture, etc. Technological issues involve a multitude of things, like hardware, software, etc. (Wang and Zhang 2012). Once the issue has been recognized, it has to analyzed with the three dimensions for providing a better solution. People A group is as strong as its weakest member. It is also true for every business; hence a business is only as good as the people who run it. This section aims to demonstrate the importance of people and their contribution to an organization (Ovans 2015). The section has been divided in to three segments namely, need of people in an organization which will help in identification in assessing the importance of people in organization, next segment discusses the importance of developing the workforce and make them more effective, finally the need of rewards for recognizing employees have been discussed in the last segment. Employee and organization The people of the organization could be described as the full-time paid employees of the organization. Employees provide the needed skills and the competencies needed for functioning of the organization. They also provide the required labor for the production of goods and services (Day 2014). Hence it can be easily deduced that employees of an organization is the most important asset of the company and require the maximum attention of the managers of the organization for their development and recognition. Development of the workforce Development of workforce needs a clear set of goals for achievement. The goals will help managers to identify the required set of skills which can be either acquired by hiring or through proper training. Apart from initial training the organizations around the world also need to evolve for better services and training helps to cope with the constant pressure from market (DaSilva and Trkman 2014). Rewards and recognition Market leaders around the world make sure that their employees are recognized and rewarded for their good work. This allows a better relationship between the employees and the employers. Recognition and rewards encourage employees to perform better and create job satisfaction. Example In a new article in The Conversation, authors Dockery and Buchler have discussed the satisfaction level of women regarding the work and the dissatisfaction regarding the payments. The market research done by HILDA, shows the dissatisfaction. The survey shows that the women are also not happy with the conventional job role. This report shows that the employee expectations are changing with the changing culture (Theconversation.com, 2016). The women should also be trained in more skill specific sectors so that they can be employed in different sectors and job satisfaction is ensured for them.. Organization The word organization is order, arrangement, integration or coordination of the smaller part of the organization. Hence organization signifies the relation of the sub-units of the system with the main unit. It is harmonious management of the different part of the system for a common outcome (Wang and Zhang 2012). Organization offers many benefits like specialization, clarity, optimum utilization of resources, effective administration and growth and expansion. Specialization An organization is divided into various departments which does a specific job or serves a specific purpose. This assignment of work to different workforce doesnt only help in faster process outputs but also leads to specialization. This specialization is a result of repetition. Clarity The organization works in different parts or segments thus clearly creating a demarcation of the job role. This demarcation helps the employees to understand their job better thus helping them to perform better. Clarity in hierarchy helps to understand the power and authority of the various employees for receiving and giving orders. Clarity also helps in creation of specialization which helps the organization in the long run. Optimum Resource Utilization The departments of the organization work on different tasks at the same time which is then moved further and is then assembled to produce the final output. Departmentation helps in parallel processing of the work (Cummings and Worley 2014). Parallel processing is faster compared to serial processing and helps in better resource utilization. Faster parallel processing though requires better time management. Effective Administration Specialization, clarity and optimum resource utilization needs a backbone of effective administration which is result of clarity in hierarchy, roles and the assigned tasks. Better communication between the departments results due to better resource utilization and task coordination and effective administration. Growth and Expansion Specialization over a task calls for different departments and coordination between departments. The optimum utilization of resources and departmentation leads to expansion of the company in a planned manner Example An article in IT News discusses the removal of support to Windows 7 by MYOB after December 2016. Apart from the above mentioned software, the MYOB will cease all the services to Office Suites. MYOB will offer extended support till 2020 for payment after which the services will be totally stopped (iTnews, 2016). This is a major step by the managers of the company, and its impact can't be totally estimated. Although removal of the support services will remove the burden from MYOB but could result in the reduction of business for the firm. Technology Technology can be seen as the tools or resources that give us the control over the surrounding environment. It also refers to the machines or processes that simplify human life. Innovation is the easiest way of staying ahead of the competitors. Innovation for businesses means something different or smarter or better that could contribute to the quality or the productivity of the services by using the existing or the emerging technologies (Tongur and Engwall 2014). The most relevant technology that is being used by the business organization is the Information Technology. This segment has been divided into importance and impact of IT on business for better understanding. Importance of IT The success of an organization depends on various factors like analysis, choice, and vision. It can be seen from the market trend that the companies which invest in innovation and technology have a larger market share and better financials. Information Technology (IT) which is mainly meant for business organizations provides diverse tools various functions of business. Speed and accuracy are the core of any business and affects the decision making capability and the decisions itself. Every organization needs to go through comprehensive market research and survey for successful policies and maintenance of infrastructure. IT tools like Big Data and World Wide Web helps in generation of useful data for the organization (Lfsten 2016). These tools dont only provide real time data but are also proven to be accurate over the time. Marketing in business is very important. Marketing is done to make people aware of the availability of the product and with the evolved IT tools businesses can go a step ahead and advertise for target audience through digital marketing. Digital marketing is a phenomenon through which the products can be promoted throughout the world overcoming the physical barrier. Impact of IT on Businesses In this era of globalization, the businesses which dont utilize IT become frog of the well. The speed and accuracy of the organization suffer a lot. On the other hand, the organization which utilizes the IT resources at hand have multiplied over the time, they have been able to provide better customer satisfaction and better resource management. Customer satisfaction is the key to any business, and this has achieved by implementation of IT. The tools that are available with IT analyses the needs, trends and the satisfaction level of the customer through real time data analysis and customer feedback. Effective communication between the customer and the company has been the result of implementing IT in an organization. Resources can be in any form such as tangible or intangible; these complex data analysis is the result of advanced technology and automation (Gatautis 2015). Due to the availability of better computing and assimilation of resources, optimization of the process has become a reality and has been implemented in various fields. Example Nick Wailes of The Conversation discuss the effect of the technology on various business firms. The companies are facing the wrath of technology as they didnt update according to the need of the consumers. Australia Posts, Fairfax and similar companies who were slow in adaptability faced the slump (Theconversation.com, 2016). But Fairfax with its revised policy has succeeded in gaining business again. Conclusion This report discusses the three pieces of data that can be used to generate meaningful data for a movie theater chain. The three pieces of data are the genre of the movie, location of the theater and the target audience. The data has been analyzed thoroughly for understanding the impact of the factors on the business. The data has been further segmented into various sections for through which impact upon business has been analyzed. Further the three dimensions of the business problem people, organization and technology have been analyzed, segmented into conceivable sections and examples of each problem have been discussed for better understanding. References iTnews. (2016).MYOB to switch off Windows 7 support. [online] Available at: https://www.itnews.com.au/news/myob-to-switch-off-windows-7-support-419539 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2016]. Theconversation.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/disrupted-businesses-are-struggling-in-the-valley-of-death-63878 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2016]. Theconversation.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/women-are-satisfied-with-womens-work-but-not-with-the-pay-63523 [Accessed 24 Aug. 2016]. Brown, B., 2013.Cinematography: Theory and Practice: Image making for cinematographers and directors. Taylor Francis. Bille, T., Berle, J.B. and Scott-Hansen, D., 2015. Theatre Management. InThe 13th International Conference of Arts Cultural Management [AIMAC 2015]. Barsam, R. and Monahan, D., 2015.Looking at movies. WW Norton Company. Kristensen, N.N. and From, U., 2015. Publicity, News Content, and Cultural Debate: The Changing Coverage of Blockbuster Movies in Cultural Journalism.Communication, Culture Critique,8(3), pp.484-501. Beresniewicz, S., Mehta, S., Modi, V., Moore, B., Newman, B., Richen, O., and Siu, J., WhitePages, Inc., 2015.Provision of location-based business information. U.S. Patent 9,031,978. Blok, M.M., Groenesteijn, L., Schelvis, R. and Vink, P., 2012. New ways of working: does flexibility in time and location of work change work behavior and affect business outcomes?.Work,41(Supplement 1), pp.2605-2610. Hair, J.F., 2015.Essentials of business research methods. ME Sharpe. Rubalcaba, L., Gallego, J., Gallo, M.T. and Garrido, R., 2013. Business services location and market factors in major European cities.Cities,31, pp.258-266. Phillips, E.J., 2013. A Study of the Impact of Changing Business Processes and the Implementation of Computerised Systems on a Small Business Customer Relationshipsa 2 Year Case Study on a Micro-organisation. Morecroft, J.D., 2015.Strategic modeling and business dynamics: A feedback systems approach. John Wiley Sons. Cross, J.C., Belich, T.J. and Rudelius, W., 2015. How marketing managers use market segmentation: an exploratory study. InProceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 531-536). Springer International Publishing. Wang, C. and Zhang, P., 2012. The evolution of social commerce: The people, management, technology, and information dimensions.Communications of the Association for Information Systems,31(5), pp.1-23. Evans, A., 2015. What is a business model? Harvard Business Review,23. Day, R.D., 2014.Leading and managing people in the dynamic organization. Psychology Press. DaSilva, C.M. and Trkman, P., 2014. Business Model: What it is and what it is not.Long Range Planning,47(6), pp.379-389. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Tongure, S., and Engwall, M., 2014. The business model dilemma of technology shifts.Technovation,34(9), pp.525-535. Lfsten, H., 2016. New technology-based firms and their survival: The importance of business networks, and entrepreneurial business behavior and competition.Local Economy,31(3), pp.393-409. Gatautis, R., 2015. The impact of ICT on public and private sectors in Lithuania.Engineering Economics,59(4).